Causal models, creativity, and diversity

Abstract Causal models find application in almost all areas of science, and they often support the development theories that are straightforward testable. Yet scientists also observe things surprise them. Fascinated by such observations, learn to admire playful aspects life, as well its creativity diversity. Under these circumstances, a compelling question arises: Can causal explain life’s diversity? Some life say yes. However, other humanities scholars cast doubt, positing reached end theory. Here, I build on common empirical observations long-accumulated modeling experience, develop unified framework for modeling. The gives special attention diversity, it applies sciences including physics, biology, city, humanities.